Baicalin inhibits PDK1 to mediate glucose metabolism reprogramming and intervene rheumatoid arthritis synovial inflammation / 药学学报

This study started from the effect of baicalin (BC), the main active component of the labiaceae plant Scutellaria baicalensis, on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats, to explore the mechanism of glucose metabolism reprogramming in fibroblast like synoviocytes (FLSs), a key effector cell of synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). First of all, CIA rats and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced RASFs in vitro and in vivo models were established, the arthritis index (AI) score and histopathological changes of CIA rats after BC administration were observed, and the levels of inflammatory factors in serum and cell supernatant were quantified by ELISA, immunocytochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) proteins. In addition, the kit was used to measure the levels of key products and enzyme activities in glucose metabolism reprogramming. The results showed that BC (50, 100 and 200 mg·kg-1) could alleviate the symptoms of arthritis in CIA rats in a dose-dependent manner, inhibit synovial hyperplasia, alleviate the infiltration of inflammatory cells, down-regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, and up-regulate the levels of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in CIA rats. At the same time, the secretion levels of lactate, pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, citrate and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDH-B) were decreased, and the expressions of GRP81 and PDK1 were down-regulated, suggesting that BC mediated the reprogramming process of glucose metabolism. However, when GPR81 inhibitor 3-OBA inhibited lactate uptake, the activity of LDH-B was significantly increased, suggesting that BC inhibited the expression of PDK1, a key enzyme in the reprogramming metabolism from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. All animal experiments in this study were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Laboratory Animal Care Center of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine (approval number: AHUCM-rats-2021049). These studies revealed that baicalin mediated metabolic reprogramming of RASFs from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation by inhibiting PDK1 protein expression, and alleviated joint inflammation in CIA rats.

Estimation of COVID-19 incidence in Shanghai under optimized epidemic prevention and control strategies / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To quantitatively estimate the incidence of COVID-19 in different backgrounds, including vaccination coverage, non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) measures, home quarantine willingness and international arrivals, and the demands of healthcare resource in Shanghai in the context of optimized epidemic prevention and control strategies. Methods: Based on the natural history of 2019-nCoV, local vaccination coverage and NPI performance, an age-structured Susceptible-Exposed-Infections-Removed (SEIR) epidemic dynamic model was established for the estimation of the incidence of COVID-19 and demand of hospital beds in Shanghai by using the data on December 1, 2022 as the basis. Results: Based on current vaccination coverage, it is estimated that 180 184 COVID-19 cases would need treatment in hospitals in Shanghai within 100 days. When the booster vaccination coverage reaches an ideal level, the number of the cases needing hospitalization would decrease by 73.20%. School closure or school closure plus workplace closure could reduce the peak demand of regular beds by 24.04% or 37.73%, respectively, compared with the situation without NPI. Increased willingness of home quarantine could reduce the number of daily new cases and delay incidence peak of COVID-19. The number of international arrivals has little impact on the development of the epidemic. Conclusions: According to the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 and the actual situation of vaccination in Shanghai, the incidence of COVID-19 and health resource demand might be reduced by increasing vaccination coverage and early implementation of NPI.

The role of STAT3 in inflammatory bowel disease and colitis-associated cancer and research progress of the related drugs / 药学学报

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 is a critical transcription factor for cell proliferation and survival. It is activated within cells by many cytokines to mediate immune and inflammatory responses to injury. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), represented by Crohn′s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract. STAT3 has been shown to be abnormally activated in IBD colon tissues by many pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier and excessive innate immune and Th17 responses. The persistent chronic inflammation eventually leads to intestinal fibrosis and stenosis. In addition to immune responses, STAT3 is also involved in intestinal fibrosis in IBD by promoting the transcription of fibrosis-related genes. Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is a particularly aggressive subtype of colorectal cancer and is associated with chronic inflammation-induced IBD. STAT3 has also been associated with CAC initiation and development. STAT3 is overactivated in tumors, which leads to suppression of the anti-tumor activity of immune cells and promotion of cancer cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and migration. In the present article, we summarize the role of STAT3 in IBD and CAC and the research progress of the related drugs developed for UC and CAC treatment.

Composition changes reveal relationship between color and enzymatic reaction of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during "sweating" process / 中国中药杂志

In this study, we employed Q Exactive to determine the main differential metabolites of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex du-ring the "sweating" process. Further, we quantified the color parameters and determined the activities of polyphenol oxidase(PPO), peroxidase(POD), and tyrosinase of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during the "sweating" process. Gray correlation analysis was performed for the color, chemical composition, and enzyme activity to reveal the effect of enzymatic reaction on the color of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during the "sweating" process. Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex sweating in different manners showed similar metabolite changes. The primary metabolites that changed significantly included amino acids, nucleotides, and sugars, and the secondary metabolites with significant changes were phenols and phenylpropanoids. Despite the different sweating methods, eleven compounds were commonly up-regulated, including L-glutamic acid, acetylarginine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine; six compounds were commonly down-re-gulated, including L-arginine, L-aspartic acid, and phenylalanine. The brightness value(L~*), red-green value(a~*), and yellow-blue value(b~*) of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex kept decreasing during the "sweating" process. The changes in the activities of PPO and POD during sweating were consistent with those in the color parameter values. The gray correlation analysis demonstrated that the main differential metabolites such as amino acids and phenols were closely related to the color parameters L~*, a~* and b~*; POD was correlated with amino acids and phenols; PPO had strong correlation with phenols. The results indicated that the color change of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during "sweating" was closely related to the reactions of enzymes dominated by PPO and POD. The study analyzed the correlations among the main differential metabolites, color parameters, and enzyme activities of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex in the "sweating" process. It reveals the common law of material changes and ascertains the relationship between color changes and enzymatic reactions of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex during "sweating". Therefore, this study provides a reference for studying the "sweating" mechanism of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex and is of great significance to guarantee the quality of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex.

Effect of Insoles on Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To observe the effect of braces combined with insoles on scoliosis and walking performance in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods:From September, 2019 to September, 2020, 42 subjects with AIS were selected and randomly divided into brace group (n = 21) and brace combined with insole group (n = 21). Both groups received two-month routine rehabilitation, including braces for 22 to 23 hours a day and gymnastics for 30 minutes a day. The brace combined with insole group additionally wore insoles, at least eight hours a day for two months. Meanwhile, 32 even-aged adolescents were recruited as healthy controls. Firstly, gait and plantar pressure of 42 patients and 32 healthy adolescents were compared to find out abnormal indicators. Secondly, the scoliosis and above abnormal indicators were compared between the brace group and the brace combined with insole group Results:The center of pressure excursion index (CPEI) was higher in AIS group than in the healthy group (F = 3.120, P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in walking speed, gait cycle and phase between two groups (P>0.05). An obvious imbalanced pressure was observed between the medial and lateral heel of the single foot and the bilateral foot in AIS patients (P < 0.05). After treatment, the Cobb's angle decreased in AIS patients (t > 7.552, P < 0.001), however, no difference was found between the brace group and the brace combined with insole group (t = 0.459, P > 0.05); the CPEI decreased (t = 2.209, P < 0.05), and the pressure in medial and lateral heel as well as the left and right foot tended to be balanced (t > 2.306, P < 0.05) in the brace combined with insole group, and were better than that of the brace group (|t| > 2.319, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Plantar pressure distribution shows obvious local and global asymmetric changes in AIS patients. The efficacy of insoles on the scoliosis is limited, but the insole can effectively improve the abnormal biomechanics and balance the force.

High salt-induced weakness of anti-oxidative function of natriuretic peptide receptor-C and podocyte damage in the kidneys of Dahl rats / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and its natriuretic peptide receptors A (NPR-A) and C (NPR-C) are involved in the regulation of physiological and pathophysiological process of blood pressure. The present study aimed to determine the role of NPR-C in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension.@*METHODS@#The Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and salt-resistant (DR) rats were used in this study. Animals were matched according to their age and weight, and then placed on either a high-salt (HS, 8%) or a normal-salt (NS, 0.4%) diet for 6 weeks randomly using random number table. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), plasmatic sodium concentration (PLNa), urinary sodium excretion (UVNa), and serum creatinine concentration (Scr) were measured. The concentration of ANP in blood and tissues (heart and kidney) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of ANP, NPR-A, and NPR-C in kidney was evaluated with western blot analysis. Regarding renal redox state, the concentration changes in malondialdehyde (MDA), lipofuscin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in kidney were detected by a spectrophotometric method. The kidney damage was evaluated using pathological techniques and the succinodehydrogenase (SDHase) examination. Furthermore, after an intra-peritoneal injection of C-atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)4-23 (C-ANP4-23), an NPR-C receptor agonist, the SBP, biochemical values in blood and urine, and renal redox state were evaluated. The paired Student's t test and analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni test were performed for statistical analyses of the comparisons between two groups and multiple groups, respectively.@*RESULTS@#The baseline SBP in all groups was within the normal range. At the end of the 6-week experiment, HS diet significantly increased the SBP in DS rats from 116.63 ± 2.90 mmHg to 162.25 ± 2.15 mmHg (t = -10.213, P  0.05). The significant increase of PLNa, UVNa, and Scr related to an HS diet was found in both DS and DR rats (all P < 0.05). However, significant changes in the concentration (t = -21.915, P < 0.001) and expression of renal ANP (t = -3.566, P = 0.016) and the expression of renal NPR-C (t = 5.864, P = 0.002) were only observed in DS hypertensive rats. The significantly higher desmin immunochemical staining score (t = -5.715, P = 0.005) and mitochondrial injury score (t = -6.325, P = 0.003) accompanied by the lower SDHase concentration (t = 3.972, P = 0.017) revealed mitochondrial pathologic abnormalities in podocytes in DS rats with an HS diet. The distinct increases of MDA (t = -4.685, P = 0.009), lipofuscin (t = -8.195, P = 0.001), and Nox (t = -12.733, P < 0.001) but not NOS (t = -0.328, P = 0.764) in kidneys were also found in DS hypertensive rats. C-ANP4-23 treatment significantly decreased the SBP induced by HS in DS rats (P < 0.05), which was still higher than NS groups with the vehicle or C-ANP4-23 treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, the HS-induced increase of MDA, lipofuscin, Nox concentrations, and Nox4 expression in DS rats was significantly attenuated by C-ANP4-23 treatment as compared with those with HS diet and vehicle injection (all P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results indicated that the renal NPR-C might be involved in the salt-sensitive hypertension through the damage of mitochondria in podocytes and the reduction of the anti-oxidative function. Hence, C-ANP4-23 might serve as a therapeutic agent in treating salt-sensitive hypertension.

Analysis of 4 Cases of Electrocution due to Direct Current Electronic Hunter / 法医学杂志

Objective To summarize the characteristics of cases of electrocution due to direct current （DC） electronic hunter, and to provide references for forensic identification. Methods Four cases of electrocution due to DC electronic hunter were collected. Statistical analysis was carried out from the perspective of the scene and electric marks distribution, damage characteristics and histopathological changes. Results All the 4 cases of electrocution were accidental events. There were multiple electric marks, most of which were located in the lower limbs with serious damage. Some strip type electric marks were visible. Conclusion The distribution, morphological characteristics and severity of the electric marks caused by DC electronic hunter are different from those of the ordinary low-voltage alternating current damage. It is alerting that there would be actions of destroying the scene and abandoning the corpse in such cases.

Recent progress on obesity-induced myocardial remodeling and its possible mechanism of mitochondrial dyshomeostasis / 生理学报

Obesity is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which can lead to a variety of cardiovascular diseases including myocardial remodeling. Obesity may induce myocardial dysfunction by affecting hemodynamics, inducing autonomic imbalance, adipose tissue dysfunction, and mitochondrial dyshomeostasis. The key necessary biochemical functions for metabolic homeostasis are performed in mitochondria, and mitochondrial homeostasis is considered as one of the key determinants for cell viability. Mitochondrial homeostasis is regulated by dynamic regulation of mitochondrial fission and fusion, as well as mitochondrial cristae remodeling, biogenesis, autophagy, and oxidative stress. The mitochondrial fission-fusion and morphological changes of mitochondrial cristae maintain the integrity of the mitochondrial structure. The mitochondria maintain a "healthy" state by balancing biogenesis and autophagy, while reactive oxygen species can act as signaling molecules to regulate intracellular signaling. The excessive accumulation of lipids and lipid metabolism disorder in obesity leads to mitochondrial dyshomeostasis, which activate the apoptotic cascade and lead to myocardial remodeling. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent research progress on obesity-induced myocardial remodeling and its possible mechanism of mitochondrial dyshomeostasis.

Construction of NTCP-Huh7 cell lines and their susceptibility to HBV / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveThe transient expression of the functional receptor sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) leads to the inefficiency and instability of the hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma cell model. The aim of this study was to construct NTCP-Huh7 cell lines by transfecting GV358-NTCP into Huh7 cells and identify their susceptibility to HBV.MethodsThe recombinant plasmid GV358-NTCP was obtained by ligation of GV358 and NTCP, and then transfected into Huh7 cells for the construction of NTCP-Huh7 cells. The NTCP-Huh7 cells (NTCP-Huh7 group) and Huh7 cells (Huh7 group) were infected with HBV and co-incubated with HBV for 18 hours, and the co-incubation was continued after change of the culture medium. At 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 days of incubation, the supernatant and cells were collected for measurement of the contents of HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAg and HBV DNA in the supernatant and HBV cccDNA in the cells as well as for determination of HBV susceptibility of the NTCP-Huh7 recombinant cells.ResultsWestern blot showed stably expressed NTCP proteins in the NTCP-Huh7 cells. At 8 days of incubation, the levels of HBsAg and HBeAg were significantly higher in the NTCP-Huh7 group (0.866±0.040 and 0.603±0.053) than in the Huh7 group (0.237±0.063 and 0.209±0.112) (P<0.05), reaching the peak at 8 days and also remarkably higher in the former than in the latter group at 4, 6 and 10 days (P < 0.05). So were the levels of HBV DNA and HBV cccDNA in the NTCP-Huh7 than in the Huh7 group at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence assay revealed the core antigen of HBV in the NTCP-Huh7 but not in Huh7 cells.ConclusionNTCP-Huh7 cells obtained by transfection of the GV358-NTCP recombinant plasmid into Huh7 cells are susceptible to HBV infection.

Analysis of correlative factors of spinal cord posterior displacement after single door laminoplasty / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the open angle (OA), cervical curvature angle (CA), preoperative spinal cord compression rate(PSCR), postoperative spinal cord shift (PSCS) in patients with chronic compressive cervical myelopathy undergoing C3-7 single open laminoplasty, and to explore the possible mechanism and influencing factors of postoperative average spinal cord drift, so as to provide objective basis for predicting PSCS.@*METHODS@#From May 2012 to July 2016, 32 patients with multi-segmental chronic compressive cervical myelopathy who underwent single-door laminoplasty in our department were analyzed retrospectively, including 14 cases of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, 8 cases of developmental cervical spinal stenosis with cervical myelopathy, and 10 cases of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament. The OA of cervical spine was measured on CT, the CA was measured on X-ray, the PSCR and PSCS were measured on MRI. The patients were divided into two groups according to PSCS(group A>=2.5 mm, group B0.1), and the partial regression coefficients of OA and PSCR were 0.113 and 0.059 respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#PSCS is the result of OA, CA and PSCR, among which PSCR has the most important influence, OA is the second, CA is the least. PSCS can be predicted by 0.059×OA+0.113×PSCR-2.266 equation, which provides a theoretical basis for preoperative evaluation of spinal cord decompression after surgery.

Tea polyphenols delays human glomerular mesangial cells senescence induced by high glucose via regulating STAT3/miR-126/telomere signaling pathway activation / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to explore the effects and possible mechanisms in vitro of tea polyphenols (TP) delaying human glomerular mesangial cells (HGMCs) senescence induced by high glucose (HG). HGMCs were cultured in vitro and divided into the normal group (N, 5.5 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose), the mannitol group(MNT, 5.5 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose plus 24.5 mmol·L⁻¹ mannitol), the high dose of D-glucose group (HG, 30 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose), the low dose of TP group (L-TP, 30 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose plus 5 mg·L⁻¹ TP) and the high dose of TP group (H-TP, 30 mmol·L⁻¹ glucose plus 20 mg·L⁻¹ TP), which were cultured in 5% CO₂ at 37 °C, respectively. Firstly, the effects of TP on the cell morphology of HGMCs were observed after 72 h-intervention. Secondly, the cell cycle, the positive rate of senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and the telomere length were detected, respectively. Finally, the protein expressions of p53, p21 and Rb in the p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway were investigated, respectively. And the expressions of p-STAT3 and miR-126 were examined severally. The results indicated that HG not only arrested the cell cycle in G₁ phase but also increased the positive rate of SA-β-gal staining, and shortened the telomere length. HG led to the protein over-expressions of p53, p21 and Rb and HGMCs senescence by activating the p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway. In addition, L-TP delayed HGMCs senescence by improving the cell cycle G₁ arrest, reducing SA-β-gal staining positive rate and lengthening the telomere length. L-TP reduced the protein over-expressions of p53, P21 and Rb induced by HG and inhibited the telomere-p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway. Moreover, the expression of p-STAT3 was increased and the expression of miR-126 was decreased in HGMCs induced by HG. L-TP reduced the expression of p-STAT3 and increased the expression of miR-126 in HGMCs. In conclusion, HG could induce HGMCs senescence by activating the telomere-p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway in vitro. L-TP could delay HGMCs senescence through regulating STAT3/miR-126 expressions and inhibiting the telomere-p53-p21-Rb signaling pathway activation. These findings could provide the effective interventions in clinic for preventing and treating renal cell senescence in diabetic kidney disease.

Analysis of influencing factors the postoperative axial symptoms of cervical single open-door laminoplasty / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the influencing factors and possible mechanism of axial symptoms(AS) after C₃-C₇ single open-door laminoplasty in patients with chronic compression cervical myelopathy.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 32 patients with multi-segment chronic compression cervical cord disease treated by C₃-C₇ single open-door laminectomy from May 2012 to July 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Including cervical spondylotic myelopathy of 14 cases, developmental cervical stenosis complicated with cervical myelopathy of 8 cases, ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL) of 10 cases. There were 17 males and 15 females, aged from 47 to 82 years old with an average of 57.46 year, the course of disease was 5 to 35 months with an average of 22.4 months. The opening angle(OA), cervical curvature angle(CA), preoperative spinal cord compression rate(PSCR) and postoperative spinal cord shift (PSCS) were recorded. After 2 weeks of surgery, determining whether occurred an AS condition according to the AS assessment criteria, the patients were divided into a axial symptom group and a non-axial symptom group, the general data and imaging parameters of the two groups were compared and the factors that may be postoperative AS were analyzed by binary Logistic regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#At 2 weeks after operation, 13 patients occurred AS. There was no significant difference in gender, age and course of disease between axial symptom group and a non-axial symptom group (>0.05). In axial symptom group, OA was(36.76±9.35)°, CA was(11.53±4.36)°, PSCR was(27.83±1.72)%, PSCS was (3.17±0.81) mm, while in non-axial symptom group, above items were (33.03±10.52)°, (7.71±4.73)°, (25.16±3.59)%, (2.43±0.95) mm, respectively, there was significant difference in CA, PSCR, PSCS between two groups(0.05). The results of the binary Logistic regression analysis of 3 parameters(OA, PSCR, PSCS) and AS showed OA and PSCR were eliminated in dependent variables, and the partial regression coefficient of PSCR was 0.311, and =0.031.@*CONCLUSIONS@#CA, PSCR, and PSCS are related influencing factors of AS, and PSCS is a high risk factor for AS. C₄,₅ nerve traction caused by posterior spinal movement, postoperative dural self-expansion causes greater traction of the spinal cord, excessive deformation of the cervical spinal cord causes autonomic nerve damage or necrosis that dominates blood vessels may be the pathogenesis of AS, but this is only a theoretical inference, and further improved experiment is necessary to verify it in the future.

The value of early postoperative albumin reduction in the prediction of surgical site infection after colorectal cancer surgery / 肠外与肠内营养

Objective: To investigate the value of early postoperative monitoring of serum albumin in the prediction of surgical site infection (SSI) in colorectal cancer surgery. Methods: A total of 169 patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery between December 2012 and January 2016 were collected for this study. Patients was divided into SSI group and no SSI group according to whether SSI occurred after surgery. We continuously collected venous blood three days after surgery. Serum albumin, C-reactive protein level, Procalcitonin and White blood-cell were performed to evaluate the relationship between albumin changes and postoperative SSI. Results: There were 40 cases (23. 7％) of SSI, and the average time for clinical diagnosis of SSI was 3. 2 days after surgery. ALB decreased, and PCT, CRP, and WBC levels increased in the SSI group on the second postoperative day. The decrease in albumin concentration (A ALB2) was significantly higher on the second postoperative day than in the SSI group (P ＜ 0. 001). Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis showed that △ ALB2 had significant value in predicting the occurrence of SSI (area under the curve = 0. 864, sensitivity 97. 5％, specificity 70. 5％), and the optimal cutoff was 15. 5％. Multiple regression analysis showed that A ALB2 ＞15. 5％ was an independent predictor of SSI (OR=2. 10, 95％CI=1. 52-2. 90, P ＜ 0. 001). Conclusions: The dynamic change of serum albumin is valuable to predict the occurrence of SSI after colorectal cancer surgery.

The expression and correlation of BMI1 gene in gastrointestinal stromal tumor / 医学研究生学报

Objective The role of BMI1 gene in the development of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to explore the expression of BMI1 gene in gastrointestinal stromal tumor,and analyze its relationship with clinical pathological features of GIST. Methods The clinical data of 68 GIST patients treated in The First People's Hospital of Nan-ning from August 2012 to October 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The expression of BMI1 in normal gastrointestinal tissues and GIST tissues were detected with immunohistochemistry method,and analyzed the relationship between various clinicopathological pa-rameters of GIST and BMI1. The expression of BMI1 protein was detected by Western blot. Results The positive rate of BMI1 was much higher in GIST group than in non-GIST (76.47% vs 36.84%,P<0.05). The difference in the expression of BMI1 protein between the different risk groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The positive expression rate was the highest in the high-risk group (93.75%),but had no statistically significant difference among different genders,age,locations,histological types and whether me-tastasis (P>0.05). Expression of proliferation genes such as PCNA,CyclinD1 mRNA in BMI1 positive group were higher than those in BMI1 negative group,the expression of Pro-apoptotic genes such as Caspase-7,Smac mRNA were lower than those in BMI1 negative group,the expression of anti-apoptosis genes such as Livin,p53,Bcl-2 mRNA were higher than those in BMI1 negative group (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of BMI1 protein was increased in GIST tissue. It is correlated with the risk classification,and is an important factor affecting the prognosis of patients.

Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation:A new therapeu-tic strategy for liver failure / 医学研究生学报

Liver failure is a severe clinical syndrome and hitherto lack of effective treatment. Large numbers of studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs),especially umbilical cord MSCs,have a therapeutic effect on acute liver failure. Yet,the homing of MSCs in vivo affects the effectiveness of engraftment. The author presents an overview of the results of recent basic and clini-cal studies on the treatment of liver failure with MSCs and proposes a direction of development in this field,hoping to give some enlight-enment to the postgraduates and clinicians of hepatology.

Therapeutic effect of Xinmailong combined trimetazidine on chronic heart failure / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore therapeutic effect of Xinmailong combined trimetazidine on patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods:A total of 155 CHF inpatients hospitalized in our department from Oct 2013 to Apr 2016 were selected.According to therapeutic method,patients were divided into routine treatment group (n＝50),Xinmailong group (n＝52,received Xinmailong injection based on routine treatment group ) and combined treatment group (n＝53,received trimetazidine based on Xinmailong group ),all groups were treated for eight weeks.Stroke volume (SV),cardiac output (CO),cardiac index (CI),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),transmitral early diastolic peak flow velocity/late diastolic peak flow velocity (E/A),6min walking distance (6MWD) and total ef-fective rate were measured and compared among three groups before and after treatment.Results:Total effective rate of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of routine treatment group (88.7% vs.66.0%,P＝0.006),but there were no significant difference between combined treatment group and Xinmailong group (P＝0.171).Compared with before treatment,after eight-week treatment,there were significant rise in SV,CO,CI,LVEF,E/A and 6MWD in three groups,P＝0.001 all.Compared with routine treatment group after eight-week treatment,there were significant rise in SV,CI,LVEF and 6MWD in Xinmailong group,P＜0.01 all;compared with routine treatment group and Xinmailong group,there were significant rise in SV [ (48.6 ± 8.9) ml vs.(53.6 ± 8.5) ml vs.(60.2 ± 8.4) ml],CO [ (4.4 ± 0.5) L/min vs.(4.5 ± 0.6) L/min vs.(5.7 ± 0.6) L/min],CI [ (3.1 ± 0.9) L·min-1·m-2vs.(3.7 ± 0.3) L·min-1·m-2vs.(4.3 ± 0.4) L·min-1·m-2],LVEF [ (42.3 ± 8.4)% vs.(46.6 ± 7.9)% vs.(53.2 ± 7.3)%],E/A [ (1.0 ± 0.3) vs.(1.1 ± 0.3) vs.(1.4 ± 0.2)] and 6MWD [ (342.88 ± 52.44) m vs.(420.90 ± 36.86) m vs.(443.55 ± 25.30) m] in combined treatment group,P＝0.001 all.Conclusion:Xinmailong combined trimetazidine can improve cardiac function,hemodynamics,ventricular re-modeling and therapeutic effect in patients with chronic heart failure.

Arthroscopic treatment of tibial intercondylar ridge avulsion fracture with double-root line double tunnel fixation technique / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss arthroscopic technique of double-root line double tunnel fixation for tibial intercondylar ridge avulsion fracture and its short-term followvup observational results.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2012 to June 2017, 21 cases of tibial intercondylar ridge avulsion fractures were treated with arthroscope double line double tunnel. Among the patients, 16 males and 5 females were ranging in age from 17 to 45 years old, with an average of 29.6 years old, and injury to surgery time 3 to 6 days, with an average of 3.6 days. All the patients underwent arthroscopic exploration, fracture reduction, double root line fixation. The knee function was assessed at 3 and 6 months postoperatively using the Lysholm knee score, and the healing and resection of the patients were followed by X-ray examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up for 7 to 23 months, with an average of 12.8 months. All patients after fracture were bone healing, knee activity were gained their previous normal levels (ranged, 0° to 130 °), and no limb dysfunction. The average scores of Lysholm knee were(93.52±7.10) and(95.95±6.34) points in 3 months and 6 months after operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Arthroscopic treatment of tibial intercondylar ridge avulsion fractures with double root line is simple and reliable, and can provide an ideal internal fixation method for tibial intercondylar ridge avulsion fractures.</p>

Clinical efficacy of compound glycyrrhizin tablets in the treatment of children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. zhuchuanlong@jsph.org.cn.

Recent progress of mitochondrial quality control in ischemic heart disease and its role in cardio-protection of vagal nerve / 生理学报

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the life-threatening cardiovascular disease. Mitochondria have emerged as key participants and regulators of cellular energy demands and signal transduction. Mitochondrial quality is controlled by a number of coordinated mechanisms including mitochondrial fission, fusion and mitophagy, which plays an important role in maintaining healthy mitochondria and cardiac function. Recently, dysfunction of each process in mitochondrial quality control has been observed in the ischemic hearts. This review describes the mechanism of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy as well as its performance linked to myocardial ischemia. Moreover, in combination with our study, we will discuss the effect of vagal nerve on mitochondria in cardio-protection.

Identification of a pathogenic Aeromonas veronii isolated from rock carp, Procypris rabaudi / 中国人兽共患病学报

In June 2016,a disease among the cultured rock carp (Procypris rabaudi) in Yongchuan of Chongqing Municipality occurred.The aim of this study was to investigate biological characteristics and provide reference for Aeromonas veronii identification diagnosis and treatment.Pathogenic bacteria strain YY01 from the dying fishes were examined and isolated.Strain YY01's taxonomic status was identified by observing the morphology,studying the physiological and biochemical characters and sequencing the 16S rRNA and housekeeping gene gyrB.Its pathogenicity was checked by artificial infection experiment and virulence genes.Furthermore,effective medicine was detected by drug sensitivity.The 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence of the strain YY01 was more than 99％ homology with that of Aeromonas veronii,suggesting that the pathogen was Aeromonas veronii,which was also identified by the results of biochemical analysis.The LD50 of strain YY01 to rcok carp was 5.06 × 104 CFU/g.Four virulence genes were detected from YY01,including aerolysin (aer),hemolysin (Hly),Outer Membrane Protein Gene A (OmpA) and adhesion (Aha) genes.Antibiotic sensitivity assays showed that among 40 antibiotics tested,22 were sensitive and 11 were resistant.In conclusion,the strain YY01 is identified as Aeromonas veronii and it is proved to have strong pathogenicity.